A water softener is a device designed to reduce the mineral content, primarily calcium and magnesium ions, in hard water.

It works through a process called ion exchange, where resin beads attract and replace the hardness ions with sodium ions. This results in softer water, preventing scale buildup in pipes and appliances, and improving the effectiveness of soaps and detergents. Regular maintenance, such as replenishing the salt in the system, is crucial for optimal performance.